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The term virtual patient is used to describe interactive computer simulations used in health care education.〔JiSC (2009) Repurposing existing virtual patients. Available http://www.jisc.ac.uk/whatwedo/programmes/elearningcapital/reproduce/revip.aspx accessed 08.06.09〕 The special focus is targeted on the simulation of clinical processes with virtual patients. Virtual patients combine scientific excellence, modern technologies and the innovative concept of game-based learning. Virtual patients allow the learner to take the role of a health care professional and develop clinical skills such as making diagnoses and therapeutic decisions〔Imison M, Hughes C(2008) The virtual patient project: using low fidelity, student generated online case studies in medical education. in ''Hello? Where are you in the landscape of educational technology? Proceedings ascilite Melbourne 2008.''http://www.ascilite.org.au/conferences/melbourne/procs/imison.pdf〕 The use of virtual patient programmes is increasing in healthcare, partly in response to increasing demands on health care professionals and education of students but also because they allow opportunity for students to practice in a safe environment〔 There are many different formats a virtual patient may take. However the overarching principle is that of interactivity - a virtual patient will have mechanisms for the learner to interact with the case and material or information is made available to the learner as they complete a range of learning activities. The interactivity is non-sequential. ==Forms of Virtual Patients== Virtual patients may take a number of different forms: *''Artificial patients'': computer simulations of biochemical processes such as the effect of drugs in organisms, the physiologic processes of a given organ or entire systems (systems biology) in a given organism. These ''can be'' used in different phases of a compound or drug in development in a given pharmacological research as a ''preliminary'' to testing on animals and humans for the drug development processes. *''Real patients'': reflected in data e.g. electronic health records (EHRs). In this case the virtual patient is the reflection of the real patient in terms of data held about them. These are sometimes called e-patients. *''Physical simulators'': mannequins (sometimes spelled 'manikins'), models or related artefacts. *''Simulated patients'': where the patient is recreated by (humans ) or (computer-generated characters ) and (Virtual Humans ) acting as such or engaging in other kinds of role-play. *''Electronic case-studies and scenarios'' where users work through problems, situations or similar narrative-based activities. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Virtual patient」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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